how to configure ansible

 

What is ansible?

• Ansible is a tool that helps you to automate tasks like: Installing software and Updating systems.

Why we use it?

• We use Ansible to Save time and reduce human errors and the Repetetive Task

Features of ansible?

• Simple to use (written in YAML)
• Agentless (no need to install anything on client machines)
• Open source
• Works with Linux, Windows, cloud (AWS, GCP, etc.)
• Idempotent (runs same task many times without changing result)

Ansible architecture and it's components

• Control Node (Your main computer where you install and run Ansible)
• Managed Nodes (The computers (servers) you want to control)
• Inventory File (A list of servers with IPs or hostnames)
• Playbook (A YAML file that contains the tasks list you want to run)
• Modules (a module is a small piece of code that does a specific job.)
• Ad-hoc Commands (One-time quick commands without writing a playbook)

✅ Prerequisites

• A control node with Ansible installed
• One or more managed nodes
• Python installed on all machines
• SSH access to managed nodes

Step 1) Install Ansible

• sudo apt update
• sudo apt install ansible -y
• ansible --version

Step 2) Create an Ansible Project Directory and more

• mkdir /etc/ansible/
• vim  /etc/ansible/hosts.ini

[local]

127.0.0.1 ansible_user=administrator ansible_ssh_pass=654321

✅ Ansible ad-hoc commands

1. Ping all servers

• ansible all -i hosts -m ping

2. Install a package nginx on Ubuntu "  -b = become (use sudo)  "

• ansible webservers -i hosts -b -m apt -a "name=nginx state=present"

3. Reboot all servers

• ansible all -i hosts -b -a "reboot"

4. Copy a file to remote servers

• ansible all -i hosts -b -m copy -a "src=/home/user/file.txt dest=/tmp/file.txt"

#copy_files.yml

---

- name: Copying files to remote

hosts: all

tasks:

- name: Copy files

copy:

src: /root/myfile.txt

dest: /tmp/

owner: paul

group: paul

mode: ugo=rw

backup: true

#files_mod.yml

---

- name: File Module

hosts: all

tasks:

- name: Creating a file

file:

path: /tmp/newfile.txt

state: absent

owner: paul

group: paul

mode: u=rwx,g=rw,o=r

- name: Creating a directory

file:

path: /tmp/myfolder

state: absent

#change_permission.yml

---

- name: change permissions

hosts: all

tasks:

- name: change perm

file:

path: /tmp/myfile.txt

mode: u=r,g=rw

#script_run.yml

---

- name: Run a script

hosts: all

tasks:

- name: Run script

shell: ./test.sh >> test.log

args:

chdir: /tmp/script/

creates: test.log

#download_file.yml

---

- name: Downlaod files

hosts: all

tasks:

- name: Download file

get_url:

url: https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.12.2/Python-3.12.2.tar.xz

dest: /tmp/script/

owner: paul

group: paul

mode: 0777

ansible-playbook -i hosts.ini playbook.yml --syntax-check

ansible-playbook -i hosts.ini playbook.yml